1.The news will horrify everyone.
A.attract
B.terrify
C.tempt
D.excite
2.The article sketched the major events of the decade.
A.described
B.offered
C.outlined
D.presented
3.I won"t tolerate that kind of behavior.
A.bear
B.accept
C.admit
D.take
4.Their style o playing football is utterly different.
A.barely
B.scarcely
C.hardly
D.totally
5.Her sister urged herto apply for the job.
A.advised
B.caused
C.forced
D.promised
答案：1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A Electromagnetic Energy
1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors.The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see.Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light.On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool.Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.
2 The sun is 93 million miles from the earth.Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.
3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy.Radio,television,and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low energy electromagnetic waves.Infrared(红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave.When it is absorbed by matter,heat is produced.Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio,television,or radar.Ultraviolet rays(紫外线) and X rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy.Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings.Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living.Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms.X rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects.They can be used to detect and treat cancer.X rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal,and in medicine to reveal broken bones.
4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy.The source of most of our energy is the sun.Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate.When the water falls to the earth as rain,some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators.Other generators are powered by coal,but the energy stored in coal came from the sun,too.
5 Until recently,the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle.If the sun depended on chemical reactions,it would have used up all its energy long ago.Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy.About forty years after the theory was proposed,nuclear energy was harnessed(利用) by man.Chemical energy comes from electron(电子) rearrangement.Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom.Compared with chemical reactions,nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel.We now believe that the sun"s energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium(氦).
6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity.It is also being used to operate engines in large ships.Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.
23. Paragraph 3
24. Paragraph 4
25. Paragraph 5
26. Paragraph 6
A. The Most Important Source of Energy
B. Types of Electromagnetic Energy
C. The Machines Used for Energy Generation
D. Seeking New Sources of Energy
E.The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in Medicine
F.Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun"s Energy
27. One can get a sunburn even .
28. Infrared radiation can produce heat .
29. X rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer .
30. Chemical energy is generated .
A. when it is cloudy
B. because they can pass through solid objects
C. when the sun rays are fierce
D. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place
E. when electron rearrangement takes place
F. when it is absorbed by matter
答案：23. B 24. A2 5. F 26. D 27. A 28. F 29. B 30. EEruptions of Mount Saint Helens
On March 27,the U.S. Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens.They telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time.Roads were closed to everyone except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain.
Shortly after noon on March 27,Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years.People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows,and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2 100 meters into the sky.
Later,scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater(大坑) in the top of the mountain,not far from the old crater.The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge(凸出部分) where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption. A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28.It,too,sent up a column of black ash high into the sky.By March 29,scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one.Strange blue flames flickered(闪烁) inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other. By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the northslope of the peak was black with ash.Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens.
During the first week of April,Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about harmonic tremors(震动) recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen.All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder(震 动) and shoot out ash.By April 8,the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep.
Scientists" main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on thenorth face of the mountain.By May 7 scientists feared the worst.Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain.The inner “red ” zone was open to scientists only.The outer “blue” zone was open only to people who got special permits.But in spite of these warnings,some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.
16. American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Pilots flying at the height of more than 2 100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. A new crater,which was to the south of the old one,was formed after the second eruption.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
答案：16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. A 22. C Mobile Phones:Are They about to Transform Our Lives?
We love them so much that some of us sleep with them under the pillow,yet we are increasingly concerned that we cannot escape their electronic reach.We use them to convey our most intimate secrets,yet we worry that they are a threat to our privacy.We rely on them more than the lnternet to cope with modern life,yet many of us don"t believe advertisements saying we need more advanced services.
Sweeping aside the doubts that many people feel about the benefits of new third generation phones and fears over the health effects of phone masts(天线竿),a recent report clains that the long-term effects of new mobile technologies will be entirely positive so long as the public can be convinced to make use of them.Research about users of mobile phones reveals that the mobile has already moved beyond being a mere practical communications tool to become the backbone (支柱)of modern social life,from love affairs to friendship to work.One female teacher,32,told the researchers:"I love my phone.It"s my friend."
The close relationship between user and phone is most pronounced among teenagers,the report says,who regard their mobiles as an expression of their identity.This is partly because mobiles are seen as being beyond the control of parents.But the researchers suggest that another reason may be that mobiles,especially taxt messaging,are seen as a way of overcoming shyness."Texting is often used for apologies,to excuse lateness or to communicate other things that make us uncomfortable,"the report says,The impact of phones,however,has been local rather than global,supporting existing friendships and networks,rather than opening users to a new broader community.Even the language of texting in one area can be incomprehensible to anybody from another area.
Among the most important benefits of using mobile phones,the report claims,will be a vastly improved mobile infrastructure(基础设施),providing gains throughout the economy,and the provision of a more sophisticated location-based services for users.The report calls on govemment to put more effort into the delivery of services by bobile phone,with suggestions including public transport and traffic information and doctors" text messages to remind patients of appointments."I love that idea,"one user said in an interview."It would mean I wouldn"t have to write a hundred messages to myself."
There are many other possibilities.At a recent trade fair in Sweden,a mobile navigation product was launched.When the user enters a destination,a route is automatically downloaded to their mobile and presented by voice,pictures and maps as they drive.In future,these devices will also be able to plan around congestion(交 通堵塞)and road works in real time.Third generation phones will also allow for remote monitoring of patients by doctors.In Britain scientists are developing a asthma(哮 喘)management solution,using mobiles to detect early signs of an attack.
41.What does the writer suggest in the first paragraph about our attitudes to mobilephones?
A.We can"t live without them.
B.We are worried about using them so much.
C.We have contradictory feelings about them.
D.We need them more than anything else to deal with modem life.
42.Which of the following statements is true?
A.Modern social life relies significantly on the use of mobile phones.
B.Mobile phones make romantic communication more difficult.
C.Mobile phones encourage people to make friends.
D.Mobile phones enable people of different countries to talk without translation.
43.Teenagers have a close relationship with their mobile phones partly because they
A.use text messages more than any other group.
B.are more likely to be late than older people.
C.tend to feel uncomfortable in many situations.
D.take mobile phones as an indication of independence from their parents.
44.It is suggested that mobile phones should be used to
A.give the address of the nearest hospital.
B.show bus and train timetables.
C.arrange delivery of mails.
D.cure diseases.
45.The navigation product launched in Sweden is helpful to drivers because it can
A.suggest the best route to get to a place.
B.download maps of the area.
C.tell them which roads are congested.
D.show them how to avoid road works.
答案：41.C 42.A 43.D 44.B 45.A The World’s Longest Bridge
Rumor has it that1 a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily. 1
When completed in 2010, the world’s longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic — and stretch 5 kilomerers long. “that’s nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built,” says structural engineer Shane Rixon. 2
They’re suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges. A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure’s mammothweight, thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,00-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge’s load. The beefy cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built. When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. 3
Getting these cables up will be something2. It’s not just their length — totally 5.3 kilometers — but their weight. 4
After lowering vertical “suspender” cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60meter-wide 54,630-ton steel roadway, or deck — wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic. The deck’s weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons — equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. 5
A Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.
B What do the world’s longest bridges have in common?
C If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼啸而过) across the Messina Strait Bridge.
D They’re what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.
E The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.
F They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons — more than-half the bridge’ s total mass.
答案与题解：
1. C 选项 C 中有一个关键词 beast，与第一句的 monster 相呼应。所以， C 是正确答 案。
2. B 第二段第二句的主语是 They。由于表语是 suspension bridges，They 替代的一 定是前面句子出现过的 bridges。六个选项中，只有 B 含有 bridges。填在第三段段首， 意思连贯。
3. E“空 3”前面的句子有 the first job 这几个词。有 first，必有 second/then。 六个选项中只有 E 含有 The second job。所以，E 是答案。
4. F “空 4”前面的句子说的是，把这些吊索吊高定位是有难度的，不仅仅由于它们 很长，还由于它们很重。 F 具体地介绍了它们的重量，应该是“空 4”前面的句子的后续 句。
5. D “空 5”前面的句子说的是，桥桩很重要。为什么很重要呢? D 解释了桥桩的作 用，意义连贯，所以是答案。 Avalanche and Its Safety
An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are 1 the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.
All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope 2 supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is 3 an avalanche, 4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.
Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low 5 of avalanche. Snow does not 6 significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not 7 easily on fiat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow"s angle of rest1 is 8 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb2 is: A slope that is 9 enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with 10 ; that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.
Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous 11 , including route selection and examination to the snowpack, weather 12 , and human factors. Several well-known good habits can also 13 the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid 14 to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are 15 or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.
练习:
1. A among B of C to D in
2. A when B that C who D whose
3. A mostly B likely C clearly D surely
4. A are B will be C is D was
5. A weight B form C risk D work
6. A fall B flow C roll D gather
7. A fall B flow C roll D gather
8. A among B between C with D for
9. A thick B thin C flat D rocky
10. A use B time C snow D rain
11. A journey B trip C fact D process
12. A conditions B reports C forecast D event
13. A increase B reduce C improve D remove
14. A price B effort C attention D money
15. A missing B grown C big D fresh
答案与题解：
1.A 表达“雪崩是山上可能发生的昀大危险之一 ”的意思，因此应该选择 among(在…… 之中)。
2.B 从该句的语法结构上来看，此处需要一个关系代词，代替 slope，所以 that 是昀 佳选择。选项 A、C、D 均不符合语法。
3.B 选项 A 不符合语法， C 和 D 符合语法，但不符合常识：过度的雪的积压可能导致 雪崩，而不是必定导致雪崩。所以， B 是昀佳答案。
4.C 该句的主语是 Determining the critical load，从上下文来看应该使用一般现在 时，所以 C 是正确答案。
5.C 要确定本题答案的一个有效的方法是排除法。 a low weight/form work of avalanche 都不合逻辑，只有 a low risk of avalanche 符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解 释了 low risk of avalanche 的道理，更证实了选 risk 是正确的。
6.D 第 6 和第 7 题可以一起考虑。整个句子的意思是：在坡度大的坡上，雪不会大量 堆积。在较为平坦的坡面，雪不会轻易滑动。
7.B(见 6)
8.B 理解了句子的意思就不难判断选项：雪在静止状态下，角度在 35——45 度之间，昀 可能发生人为触发的雪崩。between：在……之间。
9.C 这个句子说明的是什么样的山坡昀易发生雪崩，即，A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski。flat 在此做 “平坦”解，与后面的 steep 形成 反义。
10.A 句中的 that is 表明，后半部分是对前半部分的进一步说明。所以，这里的选择 要根据下文的意思判断。use 是昀佳选择，整个句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多， 雪崩就越可能发生。
11.D 尽管选项 A、B 和 D 都能和 continuous 搭配，从全段的内容判断，只有 process 是昀佳选择，因为该段描写的是如何防备雪崩，及如何做好安全措施等一系列问题。
12.A 选项 A、B、C 都可以与 weather 搭配，但是根据上下文，只有 A 昀为符合文章的 内容。
13.B 选项 A 不符合句子的意思; C 不能和 risk 搭配;D 也不符合句子的意思，因为不 可能完全消除雪崩的隐患。
14.C 该句主句使用的是被动语态，第二个动词是 pay attention to 的被动形式。选项 A、B、D 均不符合句子的意思。
15.A 该句是作者给出的一系列忠告之一，即，认真观察地形，注意明显的雪崩路径， 没有植物或植物被毁坏的地方。选项 B、C、D 均不符合句义。
